Conjugation of joan in Basque
joanto goirregular
Orainaldiapresent
Actions happening now or habitually.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| ni | noa | |
| hi | hoa | |
| hura | doa | |
| gu | goaz | |
| zu | zoaz | |
| zuek | zoazte | |
| haiek | doaz |
Common mistakes in the Orainaldia
- hi
zoaztehoaLearners sometimes use the 2pl form 'zoazte' for familiar singular 'hi' — use 'hoa' for hi, while 'zoaz' is for zu in Batua.
Iraganaldiasimple past
Completed actions in the past.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| ni | joan nintzen | |
| hi | joan hintzen | |
| hura | joan zen | |
| gu | joan ginen | |
| zu | joan zinen | |
| zuek | joan zineten | |
| haiek | joan ziren |
Common mistakes in the Iraganaldia
- ni
nindoanjoan nintzenThe correct past/perfect uses the participle + past auxiliary: 'joan nintzen'. 'Nindoan' is a different past stem form, not the standard perfect. - hi
joan zinenjoan hintzenFor familiar singular 'hi', standard allocutive agreement is 'joan hintzen', not 'joan zinen'.
Gerokoafuture
Actions that will happen.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| ni | joango naiz | |
| hi | joango haiz | |
| hura | joango da | |
| gu | joango gara | |
| zu | joango zara | |
| zuek | joango zarete | |
| haiek | joango dira |
Common mistakes in the Gerokoa
- ni
joango nijoango naizFuture requires the auxiliary form (e.g. 'joango naiz'), not a detached pronoun after the participle.
Baldintzaconditional
Actions that would happen under some condition.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| ni | joango nintzateke | |
| hi | joango hintzateke | |
| hura | joango litzateke | |
| gu | joango ginateke | |
| zu | joango zinateke | |
| zuek | joango zinatekete | |
| haiek | joango lirateke |
Subjuntiboasubjunctive
Wishes, doubts and hypothetical situations.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| ni | joan nadin | |
| hi | joan hadi | |
| hura | joan dadin | |
| gu | joan gaitezen | |
| zu | joan zaitezen | |
| zuek | joan zaitezten | |
| haiek | joan daitezen |
Aginteraimperative
Commands and requests.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| hi | hoa | |
| gu | goazen | |
| zu | zoaz | |
| zuek | zoazte | |
| haiek | doazela |
Common mistakes in the Agintera
- gu
joan gaitzazugoazenFor 'let's go' use the hortative 'goazen' (also acceptable in some contexts: 'joan gaitezen'). 'Joan gaitzazu' is not a 1pl hortative.
Gerundioa
The -ing form used for ongoing action.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| ni | joanez | |
| hi | joanez | |
| hura | joanez | |
| gu | joanez | |
| zu | joanez | |
| zuek | joanez | |
| haiek | joanez |
Partizipioaparticiple
The adjectival form of the verb.
| Person | Conjugation | |
|---|---|---|
| ni | joan | |
| hi | joan | |
| hura | joan | |
| gu | joan | |
| zu | joan | |
| zuek | joan | |
| haiek | joan |
joan — frequently asked questions
Is joan a regular verb?
No — joan is an irregular Basque verb, so some of its forms do not follow the standard endings.
What does joan mean?
joan is a Basque verb meaning "to go".